Home

/

Fish species

/

Cascarudo

Cascarudo

Origin

South America

Habitat Size

150-400 liters

Water Type

Fresh Water

Water Temperature

22º-28ºC

Cost in India

₹200 - ₹300

Size

6 - 8 inches (Medium)

Diet

Omnivore

Long golden fish with whiskers swims right against a dark blurry background
written by image

by Happy Pet TeamUpdated on 25 Nov 2025

The Cascarudo (Callichthys callichthys) is a special type of armoured catfish found in South America. It has a body covered with hard, bony plates that look like armour. This makes it stronger than many other small fish. They are peaceful, hardy, and popular in aquariums because they do not need very complicated care.

Cascarudo Origin

Cascarudo lives in many places across South America. It is found in:

  1. Trinidad and Tobago
  2. The Amazon Basin (Brazil, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, Bolivia)
  3. Paraguay River and Paraná River systems
  4. North Argentina and Uruguay

It was first described in 1758 by the famous scientist Carl Linnaeus.

Temperament of Cascarudo Fishes

  1. Calm and peaceful
  2. Bottom-dwelling and active at night
  3. Not aggressive toward medium or large tankmates

Compatibility

Good tankmates include:

  1. Angelfish
  2. Medium-sized tetras
  3. Peaceful South American fish

Avoid keeping them with:

  1. Very small fry (babies can be eaten accidentally)
  2. Aggressive or fin-nipping cichlids

Cascarudo Price Range

  1. Small/young fish: ₹ 400 to ₹ 800
  2. Medium/adult size: ₹ 900 to ₹ 1,500 or more

Did you know? Cascarudo is sometimes called the “armoured catfish” because of its strong outer plates that protect it from predators.

Characteristics

Temperament

Aggressive

Friendly

Compatibility with other fishes

Not Friendly

Super Friendly

Habitat Size

Small

Large

about image

Cascarudo Habitat Requirements

Initial Setup Cost

₹10,000 - ₹30,000

Water Temperature

22º -28ºC

Water Type

Fresh Water

PH Level

6 - 8

Cascarudo Tank Type

It is a freshwater fish.

Aquarium Size

  1. At least 75–100 litres (20–26 gallons) for one or a pair
  2. A bigger tank is better if you want to keep a group
  3. They need space at the bottom to swim and explore

Water Conditions

  1. Temperature: 21–27°C (68–82°F)
  2. pH level: 5.8–8.2 (slightly acidic to neutral)
  3. Water hardness: 0 to 30 dGH

Environment Needs

  1. Substrate: Soft sand or smooth gravel to protect their whiskers
  2. Hiding spots: Plants, driftwood, caves, and rocks
  3. Lighting: Low to moderate (they are most active at night)
  4. Water flow: Calm to gentle current

Did you know? Cascarudo lives even in muddy or oxygen-poor waters since it surfaces for breaths of air.

Essential Equipment

Aquarium tank

Water filter

Heater

Light

Substrate

Decor

Cascarudo Nutritional Guide

Avg Monthly Expenses

₹200 - ₹ 300

Cascarudo Diet Type

  1. It is an omnivore
  2. It gets sustenance from insects, worms, and small fish remains in nature
  3. It also eats plant pieces

Suitable Foods in Aquariums

  1. Wafers of algae or sinking pellets for catfish
  2. Bloodworms, brine shrimp, and tubifex worms are examples of live foods. Frozen versions exist for similar foods.
  3. Vegetables such as zucchini or peas are blanched.
  4. Occasional flakes that sink to the bottom

Cascarudo Feeding Frequency & Tips

  1. Feed daily once or twice for each one.
  2. Give solely as much of it as it is up that they can handle. They must go and finish it in about 2 or 3 minutes.
  3. A varied diet is key to good health
  4. Remove uneaten food to prevent dirty water

Did you know? As it does within rivers, Cascarudo spends most of its time searching the tank bottom for its food.

about image

Cascarudo Health & Care

Common Health Issues

Fin rot

White spot / ick

Swim bladder inflammation

Bacterial infections

Fungus

Ammonia poisoning

Signs of good health

Active

Bright coloration

Good apetite

Signs of sickness

Loss of appetite

Lethargic behaviour

Swimming abnormally

Common Health Issues

It is hardy, but poor care can cause problems like:

  1. Stress from dirty water
  2. Fungal or bacterial infections
  3. Injuries from sharp rocks or rough decorations
  4. Obesity from overfeeding

Symptoms to Watch

Look out for these warning signs:

  1. Loss of appetite
  2. White patches, torn fins, or spots on the body
  3. Breathing heavily or swimming near the surface all the time
  4. Hiding too much or becoming very still

Treatment

  1. Weekly change water (20-30%) to keep it clean
  2. Quarantine sick fish before giving medicine
  3. Use standard aquarium treatments for common illnesses (follow instructions carefully)

Cascarudo General Health Tips

  1. Test water regularly for substances (ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, and pH)
  2. Avoid overcrowding the tank
  3. Provide hiding places to reduce stress
  4. Keep their diet balanced with both protein and plant foods

Prerequisites for a Fish

Adequate tank space

Cleanliness

Effort & commitment

Enriching Environment

written by image

Written by

Happy Pet Team

Author

Team Happy Pet is a passionate collective of pet experts, enthusiasts, and advocates dedicated to sharing trusted and insightful content.

Our cont
 

Frequently Asked Questions

What size tank is best for Cascarudo?

A tank of at least 100 liters is recommended for optimal growth and comfort.

Can Cascarudos be kept with other fish?

Yes, they are peaceful and can be kept with various community fish.

How often should I feed my Cascarudo?

Feed them small portions once or twice daily, adjusting based on their appetite.